«Å±ÐÀ³¥Î 04

µØ¤H«Å±Ð¥ý¾W¸¹¡X¤¤µØ°ê¥~§G¹D¹Î

´^¨Ø¸Ö¤p©j¢w«Ø¹D¯«¾Ç°|¹D¾ÇºÓ¤h²¦·~¥Í¡A2005¦~


¡U¦^¥DÃD¤å³¹¿ï³æ¡U

¤@¡Bºü½×

¥»¤å¥D­n¥H­Ó®×¬ã°Q¡A°l·¹¤¤°ê¼s¦è¬Ù«Å¹D·|¦b1929¦~¦¨¥ß¤¤µØ°ê¥~§G¹D¹Îªº¾ú¥v¡A±´°Q¨ä«Å±Ð¯«¾Ç¡A¤Î«Å±Ðµ¦²¤ªº¦¨®Ä¡C¤¤µØ°ê¥~§G¹D¹Îªº¥D­n«Å±Ð¤u³õ¬O¶V«n©M¦L«×¥§¦è¨È¸s®q¡A¥»¤å´N¥H³o¨â¦aªº¨Æ¤u¡AÀË°Q¤G¤Q¥@¬öµØ¤H«Å±Ð¤h©M®t·|ªº¬ð¯}©Ê¦¨´N¡C[1]

¤G¡B¤¤µØ°ê¥~§G¹D¹Î¡X¤G¤Q¥@¬öµØ¤H²Ä¤@®a®ü¥~®t·|

¡]¤@¡^²¤¶

1929¦~¦¨¥ßªº¤¤µØ°ê¥~§G¹D¹Î¡A¬OµØ¤H±Ð·|²Ä¤@®a®ü¥~®t·|¡F[2]§G¹D¹Î¥Ñ«Ø¹D¸t¸g¾Ç®Õ¡]§Y¤µ¤éªº«Ø¹D¯«¾Ç°|¡^ªº¤¤¦è¦P¤u¦@¦P³Ð³]¡Cµo°_¤H»C»²¥Áªª®v ¡]Robert A. Jaffray, 1873-1945¡^ ¬O·í®É«Å¹D·|µØ«n°Ï¦è®t·|¥D®u¡A´¿¨â«×¥X¥ô«Ø¹D¸t¸g¾Ç®Õªº®Õªø¡]1902¦Ü1906¦~¡A1912¦Ü1917¦~¡^¡A[3]«á¨Ó§ó¥ý«á³Q©e¬£­Ý¥ô«Å¹D·|ªkÄݶV«n«Å±Ð°Ï¤Î²üÄݦL¥§«Å±Ð°ÏºÊ·þ¡C[4]»C»²¥Áªª®vªÃ©Ó«Å¹D·|¤@¦Vªº©v¦®©M«H©À¡X­n¦V¥¼»DºÖ­µ¤§¦a¶}¯î§G¹D¡A¥L©Ò³Ð³]ªº§G¹D¹Î¥çÄ~©Ó³o²§¶H¡A¦VªF«n¨È¥¼»DºÖ­µªº¦a¤è¶iµo¡C¬°¤F§ó¦³®Ä¦a®i¶}®ü¥~«Å±Ðªº·s¨½µ{¡A»C»²¥Áªª®v¦b1930¦~½ÐÃã«Å¹D·|µØ«n«Å±Ð°Ï¥D®u¤@¾¡A±M¤ß¨ì¦L¥§µo®i®ü¥~µØ¤Hªº±ÏÅ«¤uµ{¡C[5]

¥Ò¡B«Å±Ð¨Ï©Rªº±Ò¯è

¤¤µØ°ê¥~§G¹D¹Î¦b¦¨¥ß¤§«e¡]§Y1898¦~¡^¡A»C»²¥Áªª®v¤w«e©¹¦w«n¡]¤µ¶V«n¡^¶i¦æ«Å±Ð¦Ò¹î¡A¥i±¤¾Dªk°ê´Þ¥Á¦a¬F©²©Úµ´¡C¦Ü1911¦~¡A»Cªª®v²×©ó¦¨¥\¦b¸Ã´ä«Ø¥ßºÖ­µ®Ú¾Ú¦a¡C1916¦~³Q©e¬£¬°«Å¹D·|ªkÄݶV«n«Å±Ðªª°ÏªººÊ·þ¡A¦b¶V«n±q¨ÆµØ¤H»P¶V«n¤HªººÖ­µ¤u§@¡C»Cªª®vª¾¹D¹´©~·í¦aµØ¤H¬°¼Æ¬Æ¦h¡A¹Eºc«ä®t¬£µØ¤H«Å±Ð¤h©Ó¾á¬@±ÏµØ¹´ÆF»îªº³d¥ô¡A[6]¨ä¤¤³Ìª½±µ¦³®Äªº³~®|¡A¬O¦b«Ø¹D²¦·~¥Í¤¤´z¿ï©M®t¬£¡C1921¦~¡A¥L¿Ë¦Û°º¦P¦¶¿ô»î¥ý¥Í¡]¾Ç¥Í§G¹D¹Î­Ò¿ì¤H¤§¤@¡^«e©¹¶V«n¡A¦¹¬°µØ¤H«e©¹®ü¥~«Å±Ðªº¶}©l¡C[7]

¤Î¦Ü1927¦~¡A»Cªª®v¦A©IÆ~«Ø¹D¾Ç¥Í©¹«n¬v¡]¤µ¦L¥§¡^¶}¯î¡C[8]²Ý¦~¡A»Cªª®v©¹±Cù¬w©M¦L¥§¦U°ð¦Ò¹î¡A¨Ã½T©w¥HĬ©Ô«Â¦è®qªº¿ü¦¿¥«¬°­º­Ó¶Ç±Ð¦a°Ï¡C¥L¥ý½Õ»º¦¶¿ô»îªª®v¥Ñ¶V«nÂà¨ì·s¤u³õ¶i¦æ¶}¯î§G¹D¡F¦P¦~¡A¥L¤S»P·í®É«Ø¹D¸t¸g¾Ç®Õªº®Õªø¶À­ì¯Àªª®v¡A¤Î«Å¹D·|¼s¦è¬ÙÁp·|¥D®u»¯¬h¶íªª®v¡A¨ì«n¬v¸s®qµø¹î©M§G¹D¡C[9]¾A®É¡A»¯ªª®v»P¤ý¸üªª®v¦b«n¬v¬Û¹J¡A¹E¬D¾Ô¤ý¸üªª®v­t¾á«n¬v«Å±Ð¨Æ¤u¡C[10]»Cªª®v±N«n¬v¤§¦æ¼g¦¨³ø§i¡A§e¥æ¬ü°êÁ`·|¡A´Á±æ±o¨ì¤ä«ù©M¨ÑÀ³¡A¥i±¤Á`·|©Úµ´¤F¡C[11]¦ý³oµLê»Cªª®vªº²§¶H¡A¥L¤´°í«H¯«­n¬°¥L¥t¶}«n¬v«Å±Ð¤§ªù¡A¥L¤S·P¨ì­Y­nµo®i«n¬vµØ¹´ªººÖ­µ¤u§@¡A³Ì¦n¦¨¥ß¥ÑµØ¤H¥D²zªº¿W¥ß«Å±Ð²Õ´¡C
°ò©ó¤W­z²z¥Ñ¡A»Cªª®v©ó1929¦~3¤ë¦¨¥ß±M¦V«n¬v«Å±Ðªº²Õ´¢w«n¬v§G¹D¹Î¡A[12]¥Ñ¤ý¸üªª®v¥ô¹Îªø¡A[13]»C»²¥Áªª®v¬°°Æ¹Îªø­Ý¥q®w¡A[14]»¯¬h¶í¡B§dÀٵءB¶À­ì¯À¡B±ç²Ó¯Ìµ¥ªª®v¤Î¤ý«Ï¥ý¥Í¥X¥ô©e¿ì¡C[15]«á¦]±ý¬ð¥X§G¹D¹Î¤DµØ¤H²Ä¤@­Ó®ü¥~®t·|¡A¤S¬°¨D±N¨ÓÂX¤j«Å±Ð¤u³õ¡A¬G©ó¦P¦~10¤ë©ö¦W¬°¤¤µØ°ê¥~§G¹D¹Î ¡]Chinese Foreign Missionary Union¡^¡C[16]§G¹D¹Î³¡¤À¸g¶O¥Ñ»C»²¥Áªª®v¥D¤OÄw¶Ò¡A¥t¤@³¡¤À¥ÑµØ¤H«Å±Ð¤h¾Ì«H¤ßÄw¶Ò¡C[17]§G¹D¹Î¦¨¥ß¤§¦~¡A«K¥¿¦¡Á|¦æ®t»ºÂ§¡A®t¬£«Ø¹D¸t¸g¾Ç®Õ²¦·~¥ÍªLÃÒ­C¤Ò°ü©M½m¥úÁ{¥ý¥Í¨ì«n¬v¡A¤À§O¦b²üÄݪF±Cù¬wªº¤T°¨ªL¹F©M³ÂÍù¬fªO¶}ÅP¤u³õ¡C[18]

¤A¡B«Å±Ð§G¹DªºÂ¾¨Æ

§G¹D¹Î¦Û¶}©Ý«n¬v¤u³õ«á¡A®t¶Ç¨Æ·~¤w¨£ªG®Ä¡C²Ä¤@­Ó¤C¦~¡]²Ä¤G¦¸¥@¬É¤j¾Ô«e¡^¡A¦b¸g¶O¤£¨¬ªº±¡ªp¤U¡A¦³¿à»Cªª®v»P¨ä¥L¦P¤uªº«H¤ß»P¼ö¸Û¡A¤´Àò±o¤£«U¦¨ªG¡AºÖ­µ¹M§G¬Æ¼s¡A¨Ã¥H¶V«n¡B¦L¥§¬°°ò¦a¡A¥ÑÂI¨ì½uªº¶}©Ý·s¤u³õ¡C[19]1941 ¦~¡A»Cªª®v¦b³ø§i®Ñ¤º¥çÁ`µ²¥X§G¹D¹Î¬J±o·N¤S¥O¤H¦w¼¢ªº¦¨ÁZ¡C®Ú¾Ú³ø§i®Ñ¡A§G¹D¹Î¦¨¥ß¤Q¤T¦~¥H¨Ó¦@®t¥X¤G¤Q¦W¤¤°ê¦P¤u¡A¶W¹L¤T¤Q¦W¦è°ê¦P¤u¡AÁÙ¦³140¦W¥»¦aªº¤u§@ªÌ¡A³o¨Ç¤u§@¤H­û¤À´²¦b¾ã­Ó²ü¦L»â¤g¡AªF¦Û·s½B¤º¨È¡]§Y¦è¥ìùئw¡^¡A¦è¦ÜĬªùµªÃ¾ªº¥e¸O¡B¨¹¥[¡B¸Uùج}¡A¥_¦Û±Cù¬wªF¥_ªºÀsºÑÜñ¡B¥L©Ô®Ú¡A«n¦ÜÀs¥Ø¡B¤ÚÍù½Ñ¤p®q¡A¦@­p139­Ó¤u§@°ò¦a¡F¦¹¥~¦b¿ü¦¿³]¸t¸g¾Ç°|¡A¦³209¦W¾Ç¥Í¡A¥t³]¥ß¤F¦@¤C¤Q¥|¶¡¥D¤é¾Ç¡A¦@¦³3,200¦W¾Ç¥Í¡A¤Q¤T¶¡ªì¯Å¸t¸g¾Ç®Õ¡A¦@479¦W¾Ç¥Í¡C·í®É¾ã­Ó«n®q¤u³õ¤wµo®i¦@11,074¦W«H®{¡A¥þ¦~¦@11,323¬Þ©^Äm¡A¦¨ÁZ¨Ï¤HªY¼¢¡C[20]

¡]¤G¡^ «Å±Ð¯«¾Ç

²³æ¨Ó»¡¡A§G¹D¹Îªº«Å±Ð¯«¾Ç¡A¥i¥H»¡´N¬O»C»²¥Áªª®vªº«Å±Ð¯«¾Ç¡A³o¥i±q¥L¹ï©ó§G¹D¹Îªº°^Äm¬Ý¥X¡C¥Ñµ¦¹º¦Ü±À°Ê¡A»C»²¥Áªª®v³£§êºt­«­nªº¨¤¦â¡A¥L³QºÙ¬°®t¶Ç¬Fªv®a ¡]missionary statesman¡^¡A²`¨ã²Õ´¦æ¬Fªº¤~¯à¡A¥L©ú¥Õ¤@­Ó¥»¦â¤Æªº­«­n­ì«h¡G¡uºÉ¶q¯d¦b­I«á¡A¹ªÀy¤¤°ê¤H¦Û¤v¥X¨Ó»â¾É¡A¦P®É´£¥X¯à°÷³Q¤¤°ê¤H±µ¨üªº«Øij¡AÅý¥L­Ì±Ä¯Ç¦¨¬°¥L­Ì¦Û¤vªº·N¨£¡C¡v[21]¸Ü»¡¦^¨Ó¡A¥L³o¤@®M¼e¼sªº«Å±Ð­ì«h¡A¤D®v©Ó©ó«Å¹D·|ªº³Ð¿ì¤H«Å«H³Õ¤h¡CªLÃÒ­Cªª®v¦b¡m»C»²¥Á¶Ç¡n¤¤´¿¨¥¡G¡u»C»²¥Á³Õ¤h¸ÛµM¬O©M«Å«H³Õ¤h¦P¤@­Ó»É¼Òű¥X¨Óªº¾¹§÷¡C¡v[22]

¥Ò¡B¡u¹ê¥Î¡vªº«Å±Ð²z©À

»Cªª®v´¿¦b«Å«H³Õ¤h¶}¿ìªº«Å±Ð¤h°V½m¾Ç®Õ±µ¨ü³y´N¡A[23]¦b¯«¾Ç¤W¡A«Å«H³Õ¤h·¥¤O±j½Õ¥|­«ºÖ­µ ¡]fourfold gospel¡^¡G¤@¡B°ò·þ¬O±ÏÅ«¥D¡F¤G¡B°ò·þ¬O¨Ï¤H¦¨¸tªÌ¡F¤T¡B°ò·þ¬OÂåªvªÌ¡F¥|¡B°ò·þ¬O¦A¨Óªº§g¡F[24]¥L¬Û«H¥|­«ºÖ­µ´N¬O´¶¥@«Å±Ð¹B°Êªº¼ç¦b°Ê¤O¡C¦b¦¹±o»¡©ú¡A«Å«H³Õ¤h¨Ã«D¯«¾Ç®a¡A¥L¥u¬OªªªÌ¡AÃö¤ßªº¬O´¶¥@«Å±Ð¡A¦]¦¹§V¤O±À®i¥H¶Ç´­ºÖ­µ¬°¥D¾Éªº¯«¾Ç ¡]evangelism oriented theology¡^¡C[25]«Å«H³Õ¤h¨üµÛ«e¤dÁH¦~¯«¾Ç«ä·Qªº¼vÅT¡A¬Û«H°ò·þ«Ü§Ö«K¦^¨Ó¡A©Ò¥H«H®{­Ì­n»°§Ö¶ÇºÖ­µ¡A°Ñ»P«Å±Ð¤u§@¡C[26]¦]¦¹¡A¥L¦b1887¦~¦¨¥ß®t·|®É¡A±j½Õ¨â¶µ«Å¨¥¡G¤@¡B ³o¬O¦V¥~¬°¥D¶ÇºÖ­µªº®t·|¡C¤G¡B³o¬O¿n·¥¶i¨ú¬°¯«¤u§@ªº®t·|¡C[27]¥i¨£«Å«H³Õ¤hªº«Å±Ð¯«¾Ç¶É¦V¹ê¥Î©Ê¡A¥L¥D±i¦V¥~¶Ç´­¡A¨Ã¥H¿n·¥¶i¨úªº¬Fµ¦¹ê½î²§¶H¡CªLÃÒ­C¦b¡m»C»²¥Á¶Ç¡n¸ÌÁ`µ²¥X«Å«H³Õ¤hªº«Å±Ð¯«¾Ç¡G

«Å«H³Õ¤h¹ï°ò·þ¦A¨Óªº¯u²z¯S§O±Ó·P¡A¥Lı±o·í®É¤@¯ë±Ð·|¥²¶·­n©ñ±ó¤£¥²­nªºª§½×¡A±Ð·|¤£¥i¯à¤j®aÀR®¨®¨¦a§¤µÛµ¥­Ô°ò·þ¦AÁ{¡A³oºØÃi¤Hªº·Qªk¡A¬O¤£·|²£¥Í¹ê®Äªº¡A°£«D§â¶ÇºÖ­µªº¤u§@®i¶}¨ì¥þ²y¥h¡C¡K¡K°ß¤@ªº³~®|´N¬O´¶¶ÇºÖ­µ¡A¦]¬°¥D¤§¦A¨Ó¡A½T¯à³Q©Ò¦³¼ö¤ß¶Ç±Ð¤h¤§§V¤O©Ò«P¦¨¡C§@¤u¥Hªï¥D¨Ó¡A³o¨Ã«D¤@­Ó·sªº±Ò¥Ü¡A¥¦­ì¬O¤@­Ó¥­²HµL©_¡A«o³Ì¬O²{¹êªº­p¹º¡A¦Ó«o³Q¤µ¤é±Ð·|¤H¤h©Ò©¿²¤¡A©Ò¿ò§Ñ¤F¡C²{¦b«Å«H³Õ¤h­n§â¥¦±q³Q¤H®I¨S¤§¦a­«·sµo±¸¥X¨Ó¡C[28]

«Å«Hªº¾Ç¥Í»C»²¥Á¦b¤¤°êªA¨Æ®É¡A¤]µo´§³oºØ­«¹ê¥Î©Êªº«Å±Ð²z©À¡C»C»²¥Áªª®v¬O«Å±Ð±´ÀI®a¡A¥L³ßÅw¨ì¥¼»DºÖ­µ¤§¦a±´¸ô¡A¨Ã´£­Ò¾Ç®Ä«Où¡G¡u¨Ï§Ú­ÌªººÖ­µ¶Ç¨ì§A­Ì¥H¥~ªº¦a¤è¡C¡v¡]ªL«á¤Q16¡^[29]¥L¤S¬O¤@¦W©Ý¯îªÌ¡A»C¤ó¦³¼sÁ諸¥@¬ÉÆ[¡A¥Lµø¶ÇºÖ­µ¬°²×¥Í¨Æ·~¡A¤u§@ªº¹ï¹³¬O¥þ¤HÃþ¡A¤u§@ªº½d³ò¬O¥þ¥@¬É¡A©Ò¥H¥L³]ªkÂX®i«Å±Ð¤u³õ¡Aª½¨ì¥@¬Éªº¨C¤@¨¤¸¨¡C³o¨Ç¤u§@¤è¦¡¥þ¬O·½©ó«Å«H³Õ¤h©Ò´£­Òªº¡A¥H¶Ç´­ºÖ­µ¬°¥D¾Éªº¯«¾Ç²z©À¡C

¤A¡B¡uÁ{ªñ¡vªº«Å±Ð¦â±m

¥Ñ©ó«Å«H³Õ¤h²`«H¦b¤dÁH¦~¥H«e¥D¥²¦AÁ{¡A©Ò¥H¤]»{¬°·íºÉ§Ö¼i¦æ¯«ªº¦®·N¡A»°§Ö§@¤u¡C¥L²`«H¥@¬É¤W¦³¦¨¤d¤W¸U¦M¦b¥¹¤i¡B±N¥¢¥h¥Ã«íªº¥Í©R¡A¦Ó¥B¤Hªº¸o§ó·S°_¯«ªº«ã®ð¡FµM¦Ó¡A¤H­Y¯àÅ¥¨£±ÏÅ«ªº«H®§¡A¤´¬O¦³§Æ±æªº¡C¦]¦¹¥L¥D±i¦b«ÅÁ¿ºÖ­µ«H®§®É¡AÀ³¦h¶°¤¤Á¿¬ß±æ¡A¦Ó«D¯«ªº¼««ã¡A¦]¬°¯«·R¥@¤H¡A¥H­P±NÍ¢ªº¿W¥Í¤l½ç¤U¤Z«HÍ¢¦Wªº¤H¡C[30] ¥i¨£«Å«H³Õ¤h¥D±i¶ÇºÖ­µªº¤º®e¡A¥D­nµÛ­«©ó¯«ªº¬üµ½¡C¯«²`·R¥@¤W¨C­Ó¤H¡A¨Ã´Á¬ß¤H¯à¦^À³Í¢ªº·R¡A±µ¨ü¥D­C¿q¡A©Ó¨ü¥Ã¥ÍªººÖ¼Ö¡A³o­Ó¤j¦n«H®§¤]´N¬O¤H¬ß±æªº·½ÀY¡F³oÃþ«H®§¤]¤Ï¬M¥X«Å«H³Õ¤hªº«Å±Ð¥½¥@½× ¡]missionary eschatology¡^¨ú¦V¡F¥DÁ{ªñªºÆ[©À«P¨Ï¥L±a»â«Å¹D·|¥ß©w¤ß§Ó¡A¥H¶ÇºÖ­µ¬°¤v¥ô¡A¥H¤§¬°¯«¾Ç¤Wªº¥ô°È ¡]theological task¡^¡C[31]
¦b«Å«H³Õ¤hªºÂȳ³¤U¡A¹ï©ó¥DÁ{ªñªºÆ[©À¤]¬Û·í±j¯P¡C¥L¦b¡mµØ«n«Å¹D®ø®§¡n¸Ì±`¼¶¤å½×­z­C¿qªº¦AÁ{ ¡]His second coming¡^ ¡B®É¤éµL¦h¡]the time is short¡^µ¥Æ[©À¡A¨Ã¹ªÀy«H®{°_¨Ó¶ÇºÖ­µ¡C¥L»¡¡u¯«ªº®É¶¡«Ü§Ö¨ì¡A©Ò¥H°ò¥»ªº¥ô°È¬O¦b±Ð¨|¸Ë³Æ¡B¶°¤¤¤H¤O©M¸ê·½¨Ó¶i¦æ¬ÛÃöªº¨Æ¤u¡A¨ì¥¼±o¸sÅé¸Ì¥h»°§Ö¶Ç¥D¹D¡C¡v[32]¦¹¥~¡A»Cªª®v¤]¾Ç·|¦bÁ}Ãøªº¬F±¡¤U¡A±`¦s¬ß±æ©M¼ÖÆ[ªº¤ß¨Óµ¥­Ô©MªA¨Æ¥D¡A¦]¬°¥L¬Û«H¡A¥@¬ÉÁö¤£°±ÅÜ°Ê¡A¦ý¯«¤´¦b´xºÞ¡F¬F±¡Áö¦hÅÜ¡A¦ý¬èë¥i±o¯à¤O¡F±©¦³»°§Ö¶Ç´­ºÖ­µ¨ì¡A¬OÅý§ó¦h¤H±oµÛ±Ï®¦¬ß±æªº³~®|¡C[33]

¤þ¡B¡u¥¼»D¡vªº«Å±Ð¹ï¶H

«Å«H³Õ¤h¬Û«H¡A¤j¨Ï©R¬O­n§h©J«H®{¨ì¥þ¥@¬É³Q©¿²¤ªº¸sÅé«Å´­ºÖ­µ ¡]for new and neglected area of the globe to evangelize¡^¡A¦Ó³o¥ô°È¬OÃö¥G¨C­Ó¤Hªº ¡]the commission to individuals¡^¡C«Å«H³Õ¤h»{¬°¡A¶ÇºÖ­µªº¦¸§ÇÀ³¥ý±qµS¤Ó¤H¶}©l¡AµM«á©µ¦ù¦Ü¸U°ê¥h¡C[34]«Å«H³Õ¤h²M·¡«ü¥X¯«ªº¤ß·N¬O­n¬@±Ï¸U¥Á¡A¤×¨ä¥@¬É¤W³Q©¿²¤ªº¸sÅé¡]neglected class¡^¡A¥L»¡¡G

¨­¬°®ßµóªø¦Ñ·|ªª®vªº«Å«H¡Aº¥º¥§ïÅܤF¥Lªº¥Ø¼Ð¡A¥L¤£¦A¬°¨ì¤@¶¡Åã»®ªº±Ð·|§ó­t²±¦W¡A©Î¬O·|²³·Uµo¼W¥[¦Ó·P¨ìº¡¨¬¤F¡C¸tÆF¤º¦íªº¸g¾ú¡A¥[¤W¥H©¹°Ñ»P´f¯Sº¸©M¥¬§Q´µ©Ò»â¾Éªº«Å±Ð¹B°Ê¡A¨Ï¥Lªº¥Í©R°_¤F­²©R©ÊªºÅܤơC¥L¤£¦A§½­­©ó¸g±`©Êªº¶Ç¹D¤u§@¡A¥L§ó»Ý­n¨Ï¥«¤º¥¼»DºÖ­µªº±o»DºÖ­µ¡A¨Ã¥BºÜ¤O±NºÖ­µ¶Ç¦Ü®ü¥~³Q©¿²¤ªº¤@¸s¡C[35]

¦]¦¹¡A«Å¹D·|ªº©v¦®¬O¡A¥u­n­þ¸Ì¦³³Q©¿²¤¡B¥¼»DºÖ­µªº¸sÅé¡A«Å¹D·|´N­n·Q¿ìªk¨ì¨º¸Ì¥h¡C±ç®aÅ靈¦p¦¹Á`µ²¡G

¹ï«Å¹D·|¦Ó¨¥¡A¶Ç±Ð¦a°Ïªº¨ú±Ë¡A»P³o¨Ç¦a°Ï¹ïºÖ­µªº¤ÏÀ³¨S¦³¦h¤jÃö³s¡A«o»P¥¦­Ì¬O§_¦³ºÖ­µ¶Ç¨ì¦³ª½±µÃö«Y¡F´N¬O»¡¡A­Y¤w¦³¬Û·í¼Æ¥Øªº¨ä¥L®t·|¦b³o¨Ç¦a°Ï¤u§@¡A«Å¹D·|«K¤£¦b§O¤Hªº®Ú°ò¤W«Ø³y¡C¬°¤F³e¹ý¦V¥¼±o¤§¦a¶Ç±Ðªº²z·Q¡A·U°¾»·ªº¦a°Ï¡A¹ïºÖ­µ¤ÏÀ³·U®tªºªÀ¸s¡A«K¬O¥L­Ì¥ß§Ó¾n¨¬µo®iªº¦a¤è¡A³o»P¤j¦h¼Æ¨ÓµØ®t·|¡A³£±N¸ê·½§ë©ñ¦bªu®ü¬Ù¥÷©Îªø¦¿¬y°ìªº°µªk­~²§¡K¡K1892¦~¡A«Å«H³Õ¤h¨ì¤¤°ê¼s¦{µø¹î¡A³o¬O¥L²Ä¤G¦¸½ñ¨¬¤¤°ê¡C¥L¦b³o¦¸¦æµ{¤¤¡A±oª¾¼s¦è¬O¤Ï¬v±Ð·NÃѳ̿@ªº¦a°Ï¡A«Å±Ð¤h¨¬¸ñÂA¦Ü¡A«K¨M·N®t»º«Å±Ð¤h¨ì³o¬Ù¤À¡A·U¬O§xÃø¡A·U­n«_ÀI¥ÇÃø¡C[36]

¨ü«Å«H³Õ¤h¼vÅT¡A»C»²¥Áªª®v¦P¼ËÃöÃh´¶¥@©Êªº±o±Ï°ÝÃD¡A¬G¹ï©ó¶}¯î§G¹D¡B·m±ÏÆF»î±Ä¨ú¿n·¥¶i¨úªº¬Fµ¦¡C¥L¦b«Å±Ð¥Í²P¸Ì¡A¨Ã¨S¦³¥H¦Û¤vªº¨¤¦â©M¦a¦ì¬°Àu¶V¡A¥LªºÁ¾¨õ©M©e¨­¡A¨Ï¤£¤Ö«Ø¹D¸t¸g¾Ç®Õ®Õ¤Í¸òÀH¥Lªºº]¼Ë¡A±µ¨ü®t»º±q¨Æ«Å±Ðªº¤j¤u¡C»C¥¢®v¦b¡mµØ«n«Å¹D®ø®§¡nªº¤å³¹¸Ì´N±`´£¤ÎÃöª`¤HªºÆF»î¡A[37]¯S§O¬O¥¼»DºÖ­µªº¦a¤è¡A¤S¹ªÀy«H®{­n¨ìµL¤H¨£ÃÒ¯«ªº¦a¤è ¡]the Gospel witness has not been given¡^ ¡B°¾»·¥¼¤Îªº¥Ý³õ ¡]the far distant unreached fields¡^¡A [38]µ¥¦aºaÄ£°ò·þ­C¿qªº¦W¡AÅý¤H±oµÛ¾÷·|±µ¨ü¥Ã¥ÍªººÖ¼Ö¡C

¤B¡B¡uÁp·ù¡vªº«Å±Ðºë¯«

«Å«H³Õ¤h»{¬°®t¶Çªº¥Øªº¥u¬°«Å´­ºÖ­µ¡A¤£À³¤À©v¬£¡C[39]¥L±j½Õ«Å±Ð¬O®Äªk¤T¤@¯u¯«ªº®t¶Ç ¡]missio dei¡^¡A¡u¤÷®t¤l¡A¤÷¤Î¤l®t¸tÆF¡A¦Ó¸tÆF«hÄ~Äò§¹¦¨¤l¦b¥@ªº¤u§@¡A«ü¤Þ·þ¾É¦a¤Wªº±Ð·|±µ´Î§@¥Dªº¨£ÃÒ¡v¡C[40]«Å«H¤£¥D±i­Ó§O²Õ´³æ¿W§¹¦¨¨Æ¤u¡A»{¬°¡u°²­Y©Ò¦³«H¥Dªº¤H¡A©Î¬O±µ¨ü¥þ³Æ±Ï®¦ªº¤H¡A²Õ¦¨°ò·þ®{Áp·|¡A±N¬O¦óµ¥ªººÖ®ð¡A³o¥i¶×¦¨¥¨¤jªº¤O¶q¡A¥Î¥H¹ê½î¬üµ½¡C§Ú­Ì¥i«O¯d²{¦³ªº©v¬£²Õ´¡A¦ý¦bë§i©M¤u§@¤W¡A«o­n²Õ¦¨¤@­Ó»XºÖªº¹Î«´¡A¤j®a¦PÂk©ó¤@¡v¡C[41]¥¿¦p¥L³Ð¥ßªº«Å¹D·|¡A¨ä¹ê¬O¥Ñ¨â­ÓÁp·| ¡]Alliance¡^ ²Õ¦¨ªº¡A[42]¤À§O¬O°ò·þ®{Áp·ù ¡]Christian Alliance¡^ »PºÖ­µ«Å¹DÁp·ù ¡]Evangelical Missionary Alliance¡^ ¡C[43]¥t¥~¡A«Å«H¤]¯d·N¨ì¹Ù¦ñÃö«Y ¡]partnership¡^ ªº­«­n©Ê¡A±j½Õ§â«H®{ªº¤O¶qÁp¦X°_¨Ó¡A¦@¦Pµ¦¹ºÃe¤jªº«Å±Ð¨Æ¤u¡C[44]©Ò¥H¡A¦b¥Lµo°Êªº«Å±Ð¨Æ·~¤W¡A¤]±µ¯Ç¤£¦P©v¬£¡B°êÄyªº¤H¡A¤@°_©Ó¾á¤j¨Ï©R¡C[45]
»C»²¥Áªª®v¤]±Ä¨ú¸û¼e®eªº´¶¥@«Å±Ðµ¦²¤¡A¥L´Á±æ¤¤°ê¤H¯à¦­¤é¦Û¥ß¡A»P¦è®t·|¨Ã¾r»ôÅX¡A¤@¦Pªø¶i¡A[46]¥L¬Æ¦Ü»{¬°¤¤°ê¤HÀ³¦b«Å±Ð¤u§@¤W§@¥D¾É¡A¦Û¤v¹ç¬°¤¤°ê»â³Sªº»²§UªÌ¡C[47]»Cªª®vÀ´±oªY½à¤¤°ê¦P¤u¡A®É±`¦b¡mµØ«n«Å¹D®ø®§¡n¼¶¤åºÙÆg¥L­Ì¡C[48]¦P¼Ë¦a¡A¥L±`¹ªÀy¦P¤u­n»{©w®t¶Ç¤u§@¨Ã«D¦è¤è¤H±M¦³¡AµØ¤H±Ð·|¥ç¶·ºÉ¤O°Ñ»P¡C[49]¥L»{¬°¶°¦h¤H¤§¤O¤@°_¶Ç´­ºÖ­µ¡A¦Û¯àÅý§ó¦hªº¤H¦³¾÷·|¬Û«H¥D¡C

¥³¡B¡u«H¤ß¡vªº«Å±Ð¥Í¬¡

«Å«H³Õ¤h¹ï©ó«H¤ß¦³¨â¤è­±ªº²z¸Ñ¡G¬J«ü¥Í¬¡¤W¡A¤]«üÄÝÆF¤Wªº«H¤ß¡C¥L´¿¸g¾ú¥D­C¿qªº¬@±Ï¡B¸tÆFªº¬~§¡A¤Î¯«ªºÂåªv¡A[50]³o³£°í©T¤F¥L¹ï¯«ªº«H¤ß¡A¨Ã¥ß§Ó¹L«H¤ßªº¥Í¬¡¡C[51]
»C»²¥Áªª®v²`¨ü¦Ñ®vªº¼vÅT¡C»Cªª®v·í­±¹ï¸gÀÙ§xÃø¡A¤]´¿¸g¾ú¤¤°ê°ê±¡ÄYµ¤¤§®É¡F[52]­±¹ï±Æ¥~ªº©IÁn®É¡B[53]«Å±Ð¤h³Q¸j¬[¡A¥L¤´¬O¯¸¥ß±oí¡A´ç¹L¤@¦¸¤S¤@¦¸ªº«H¤ß¦ÒÅç¡C[54]¥L¬J»{©w¤¤°ê¬°¨Æ©^¹ï¶H¡A´NµL©ÒÄß©È¡C[55]¹ï©ó¯«ªºÂåªv¡A»Cªª®v¤]²`¨ü«Å«H³Õ¤hªºÂȳ³¡A¦b¡mµØ«n«Å¹D®ø®§¡nªº¦~³ø¤¤¡A¤À¨É¤F³\¦h¯«ÂÝ©_¨Æ¡A³o¨Ç³£¦b¨£ÃÒµÛ¯«ªºÂåªv¨Ã¬è몺¤j¯à¡C[56]

¡]¤T¡^¡u¥ý¾W¸¹¡v°h§Ð¡X¡X¤¤µØ°ê¥~§G¹D¹Îªºµ²§ô

1941¦Ü1945¦~¡A¤Ó¥­¬v¾Ôª§Ãzµo¡A¬O«Å±Ð¨Æ¤uªº°±¹y®É´Á¡F¦Û¬Ã¯]´ä¨Æ¥ó¤§«á¡A§G¹D¹Î¦b«n¬vªº¤u§@ÀH§Y¶i¤J¥V¯vª¬ºA¡C[57]·í®É»C»²¥Áªª®v³Q¥}©ó¿ü¦¿¶°¤¤Àç ¡A¨Ã©ó1945¦~7¤ë29¤é³u¥@¡C±q¦¹§G¹D¹Îªº»â¾É¼h³´©óÅõºÈª¬ºA¡A¹Î­û¤@¤è­±¥¢¥h°]¬F¤Wªº¤ä´©¡A¥t¤@¤è­±³B©ó¸s¶¯µL­º¡B¯Ê¥F©ú½T«ü¤Þªº§x¹Ò¡A¦P®É§ó»PÁ`³¡¥¢¥hÁpµ¸¡C[58]·í®É¦U°ó·|©|¥¼¦Û¥ß¡AµL¤O¨ÑÀ³¶Ç¹D¤Hªº»Ý­n¡A¬G¹Î­û¥u¦n¦Û¤O§ó¥Í¡A¤@­±¶Ç¹D¡A¤@­±¯ÑºØºû¥Í¡C[59]¤@¦ì¦P¤u»¡¡G¡u§Ú¤@¤â§â¾SÀY¡A¤@¤â±·¸t¸g¡C¡v[60]
1945¦Ü1972¦~¡A¥i»¡¬O¤¤µØ°ê¥~§G¹D¹Îªº¤¤¿³®É´Á¡C¤G¦¸¥@¬É¤j¾Ô«á¡AªLÃÒ­Cªª®v§Î®e³o§½­±¬°¼o¼V¡A[61]¦U°ó·|¤]¦bµ¥­Ô§G¹D¹Îªº¦w±Æ¡A¤Î«á¤~ª¾¹D»Cªª®v³u¥@ªº¾µ¯Ó¡A¹y®É¤è¤o¤j¶Ã¡A¦U¦aªº«H®{¤w¬O¸sÀsµL­º¡A¦U¦Û¬°¬F¡C[62]«Ý¤ý¸üªª®v­«¾ã§G¹D¹Î®É¡A¤w¬O¤@¦~«á ¡]1946¦~¡^ ªº¨Æ±¡¡C[63]¸g¾ú¤­¦~°Ê¶Ã¡A§G¹D¹Î¦b³o®É´Á¥i»¡¬O­«ÀY°µ°_¡A­ì³]¦b­»´äªºÁ`³¡¦]¾Ô¨Æªº¯}Ãa¡A¤]¾E©¹¦L¥§ªºªr¤ô¡A­«·s³¡¸p¡C[64]±q¦¹¡A§G¹D¹Î«K¾E²¾¨ì«n¬v¥h¤F¡C
¦b§G¹D¹Î­«·s®¶§@«á¡A¦U¦aªº¤u§@³v¨B¦A¤W­y¹D¡AÄ~¦Ó­«·sÁpµ¸¤W¤§«e®t¬£ªº¦P¤u¡A¥]¬A¶V«nªº­³Æ{¨}ªª®v¡B³¢´_©Mªª®v¡A°¨¨Ó¦è¨Èªº´¿¹D¦æªª®v¡A[65]¦L¥§¦a°Ïªº¦¶¿ô»îªª®v¡B66±i¥@­^ªª®v¡B¶À¹|®¦ªª®v¡BÁ­^¼sªª®v¡C[67]¦Ü©óªLÃÒ­Cªª®v¡A·í®É¤w¤£¦AÄÝ©ó§G¹D¹Î­û¡A±©¤´¦bµØ¤H¸sÅ餤ªA¨Æ¨Ã«Ø¥ß±Ð·|¡C[68]³o­Ó®É´Áªº§G¹D¹Î¡A¦bµo®i¤W¤´«Ü§xÃø¡A¦]¬°¬J¤£¯à¦A¾a¿à±ï¦{«Ø¹D¸t¸g¾Ç®Õªº¤H¤O¡]®t¬£²¦·~¦P¾Ç¡^©Mª«¤O ¡]¸gÀÙªº´©§U¡^ªº¤ä«ù¡A[69]§ó¥¢¥h¤F¤@¦ì¦³·P¬V¤O¡B¦³«Å±Ð¬}¨£ªº»â³S¡X»C»²¥Áªª®v¡C[70]¥[¤W¤G¦¸¤j¾Ô¹L«á¡A§G¹D¹Î»P«Å¹D·|¤£´_¦³ª½±µÃö³s¡A¬G§G¹D¹Î¥H©¹©Òµ²ªºªG¤l¡A³£¦¨¬°¦U¦a¤èªº¦Û¥ß±Ð·|¡C[71]©Ò¥H³o®É´Áªº§G¹D¹Î¦b¨S¦³¸êª÷©M·s¤O­x¤U¡A[72]¥u¯à¶°¤¤¸ê·½µo®i¬Y°Ïªº¨Æ¤u¡A[73]¨Ã§V¤O¦uµÛ«e¤Hªº¶}¯î¤u§@¦Ó¤w¡C³o­Ó¤¤¿³®É´Á¥i§Î®e¬°§G¹D¹Î¦u·~ªº¶¥¬q¡C
¦b³o´Á¶¡¡A§G¹D¹Î¦b¦L¥§¸s®q«Ø¥ß¤j¤p§«ô°ó¦@¤Q¤­®y¡A¤E®a±Ð·|¤Î§G¹D©Ò¡CµM¦Ó«H®{¦hÄݳҤu¶¥¼h¡A¸gÀÙ¤O¶q·L®z¡A¥¼¯à­t¾á¶Ç¹D¤Hªº¥Í¬¡¶O¡A¹ÎÁ`³¡¶·¨ó§U³¡¤À¬z¶K¡C[74]¨ì1972¦~¡A¦b¦L¥§¬F©²¤¤¥¡©v±Ð³¡°ò·þ±ÐÁ`¸p°V¥O¤U¡A¤¤µØ°ê¥~§G¹D¹Î©ö¦W¬°°ò·þ±Ð·|¦X¤@°ó¡A¦Û¦¹§G¹D¹Î©MÄݤUªº±Ð·|¥¿¦¡¥Ñ®t·|ÂàÅܦ¨©v¬£¡A¦b¦L¥§¦¨¥ß¤T­Ó¤£¦PªºµØ¤H¿W¥ß±Ð°Ï¡A[75]ª½¨ì¤µ¤Ñ¡A·í¦aªº±Ð·|¤´§V¤O¦Ûªv¡B¦Û¾i¡C[76]
¦Ü©ó°¨¨Ó¦è¨È¤è­±¡A1948¦~§G¹D¹Î½Õ»º´¿¹D¦æªª®v¦^¦L¥§ªª·|¡A±Ð·|±o¥æ¥Ñ¨â¦ìªø¦Ñ­t³d¥D«ù¡A«á¦]¤@¨Ç½t¬G¡A±Ð·|°±¿ì¡C[77]
¶V«n¤è­±¥Ñ­³Æ{¨}ªª®v­t³d¦b§G¹D¹Î¨S¦³¼W¥[¤H¤â¤ä´©ªº±¡ªp¤U¡A­³ªª®v¿W¤O¤äü£¤u§@¡A¦u¦í«e¤H©Ò«Ø¥ßªº¡A·í¦a«H®{¤´«H¦u¯u¹D¡A[78]¨Ã¤@ª½Ã­©wµo®i¡C[79]

¤T¡B¡u¥ý¾W¸¹¡vªº±Ò­}

¡]¤@¡^ ¤¤µØ°ê¥~§G¹D¹Îªº¦¨¥\º]¼Ë

¥Ò¡B ¾Ì«H¤ß½ñ¤W«Å±Ð¸ô

¤¤µØ°ê¥~§G¹D¹Î¬O²Ä¤@­Ó¦V¥~¶ÇºÖ­µªºµØ¤H«Å±Ð²Õ´¡C§G¹D¹Îªº¥ý½å³£¾Ì«H¤ß¨«¤W®ü¥~«Å±Ðªº¸ô¡C¥L­Ìª¾¹D®ü¥~«Å±Ð¨S¦³©T©wÁ~ª÷¡A¤]ÁA¸Ñ§G¹D¹Îªº¸g¶O¨Ó·½±q¨Ó¨S¦³«OÃÒ¡A§ó©ú¥Õ­n­±¹ïºØºØ¦MÀI¡A¦ý¥L­Ì¤£¥H³o¨Çªí­±ªº¨Æ±¡¿Å¶q¨Æ©^¡C¹³´¿¹D¦æªª®v¡A¦³¤@¦¸¥L¦b¸ô³~¤W¹J¤W·N¥~¡A¦ý¥L¼ö¤Áë§i¯«¡AÅý¥L§¹¦¨¦æµ{¡A¤Î«á¦^¨ì®a¤¤¡A©lµoı¦Û¤v¨ü¶Ë¤£»´¡A¥L¤@­±¥H°s·íªoÀ¿©Ù¶Ë³B¡A¤@­±¬è¨D¥D¿Ë¦ÛÂåªv¡AªGµM¤£¤[´N²¬·U¡AÁöµM¥Lªº¤@®Ú¦Ø°©¨ü¶ËÅܧΡA¦ýµLê¨Æ©^ªº¸ô³~¡C¥t¤@¦¸¡A¥Lµ¹§Å®v¤U­°ÀY¡A¦ý¥L¤Á¤ÁÀµ¨D¤W«ÒÀ°§U¡A©Ò¥H¨¸´cªº¶Õ¤O¤£¯à¥[®`©ó¥L¡C[80]
¦­´Áªº§G¹D¹Î«Å±Ð¤h¡A¨C¨ì¤@³B³£Á¾¨õ¦a»P·í¦a¤H±µÄ²¡AÄ@·N»P¥L­Ì¦@¦P¥Í¬¡¡A¬Æ¦Ü­n¦Y¦³¬rªº­¹ª«¡A[81]¦ý¥L­Ì¥Ì¤ß¼Ö·Nªº¨Æ©^¡A¨£ÃÒ¯«ªº«H¹ê»P°¶¤j¡A§óº¥º¥¨ú±o·í¦a¤H«H¥ô¡C¦Ó«Å±Ð¤h¦Û¤v¤]¦b«Å±Ð®Èµ{¤¤¬Ý¨£¯«Âåªv¤Hªº¤â¡B·RÅ@¤Hªº¤ß¡B¼¦¼§¤Hªº¸Ü¡A¤Î±o¹ÁÂ×´Iªººá®u¡C

¤A¡B ±M¤@ªA¨Æ¡A²`·RÆF»î

»C»²¥Áªª®vªº¸g¾ú¡A¬O«Ü¦nªº©úÃÒ¡C¥L±M¤@ªA¨ÆµØ¤H±Ð·|¡A°ö¨|µØ¤H»â³S¡A»â¾ÉµØ¤H±Ð·|ªº®ü¥~«Å±Ð¨Æ·~¡C­Y«D§G¹D¹Îªº«Å±Ð¤hºÜ¤O©¾¤ßªºªA¨Æ¡A¶V«n¡B¦L¥§¸s®q±Ð·|®£©ÈÃø¥Hí©w¼Wªø¡C

¤þ¡B ¨¥¦æ¤@­P¡A©µÄò¨Ï©R

§G¹D¹Îªº¨Ï©R¬O­n¨ì«n¬v¤@±a¶Ç´­ºÖ­µ¡A¦¨­û¤]³\¨S¦³Â׫pªº¯«¾Çª¾ÃѩΪª¾i¸gÅç¡AµM¦Ó¥L­Ì¦³ªº¬O¥Rº¡¨Ï©R·Pªº¤ß¸z¡C¥L­Ìªº¯«¾Ç¬O¹ê¥Î©Êªº¡A´N¬O¥H¦æ°Ê©M¥Í¬¡¹ê½î«Å±Ð¯«¾Çªººë­n¡A¬¡¥X¨¥¦æ¤@­Pªº¥Í©Rº]¼Ë¡A´N¬O«Å±ÐªG®ÄªºÃöÁä¡C

¡]¤G¡^¤¤µØ°ê¥~§G¹D¹Îªº¤£¨¬¤§³B

¥Ò¡B¥M¿à¤@¤H»â¾É

»C»²¥Áªª®v¬O¤@§G¹D¹ÎªºÆF»î¤Hª«¡A¥L¤£¦ý¬Oµo°_¤H¡Bµ¦¹º¤H¡B°õ¦æ¤H¡B°]¬F¥q¡A§ó¬O«Å±Ð¤h¡CµM¦Ó¡A¥Ñ©ó¹L©ó¨Ì¿à¥L­Ó¤Hªº¾y¤O©M¯à¤O¡A©Ò¥H·í¥L³u¥@«á¡A¨S¦³¤H¯àÄ~Äò¬°§G¹D¹Î´x²ë¡A§G¹D¹Îªºµo®i´N³vº¥¦¡·L¤F¡C¹ï©ó´¿»P»Cªª®v¨ÃªÓ¦P¦æªºµØ¤H«Å±Ð¤h¨Ó»¡¡A¥L­Ì¤£³æ¥¢¥h¤@¦ì·¥¦³¶¯¤ß©M­p¹ºªº»â³S¡A§ó¥¢¥h·¥¦³Äw´Ú¯à¤Oªº°]¬F¤j¦Ú¡C¤@­Ó²Õ´¦P®É¥¢¥h¦b¦æ¬F»P°]¬F¤W³£·¥Àu¨qªº¤H­û¡A¹ê¦bÃø¥HÄ~Äòµo®i¡A¥i¨£¹L©ó¥M¿à¤@¤H»â¾É¡A¥i¯à±a¨Ó¤H¤`¬F·´ªº¦M¾÷¡C

¤A¡B¯Ê¥F«á¤è¤ä´©

¦bªLÃÒ­Cªª®vªº¡m½´®qÅP¯î°O¡n¤@®Ñ¡A¥R¤À´y­z¤F¯Ê¥F¤ä´©ªº¦M¾÷¡C[82]³Ìªì¡A»Cªª®v±ý±o¬ü°êÁ`·|»{¦P±À¦æ³o²§¶H¡A©ó¬O§â¤¤°ê¼s¦è±ï¦{¸t¸g¾Ç®Õªº¸ê·½¡AÂಾ¬°§G¹D¹Î°ß¤@ªº«á¤è¤ä´©¡C[83]µM¦Ó¦b¤G¦¸¥@¬É¤j¾Ô«á¡A¾Ç®Õ¦bµu®É¶¡¤º¤£¯à¦A¦¨¬°§G¹D¹Îªº¤ä´©¡A¦b¯Ê¥F«á¤è¤ä´©ªº±¡ªp¤U¡A§G¹D¹Î©¹«áªºµo®iªÅ¶¡¡A¨ü¨ì«Ü¤jªº­­¨î¡C

¤þ¡B¯Ê¥F©v¬£¦X§@

ÁöµM§G¹D¹Î¬O¤¤¦è¦P¤u¦X§@ªº¦¨ªG¡AµM¦Ó§G¹D¹Îªº¤º³¡ºë¯«¡A¥¼¯à¦ù©µ¦V¥~»P¨ä¥L«Å±Ð¹Ù¦ñ¦X§@¡C§G¹D¹Îªº¦P¤uªLÃÒ­C©M½m¥úÁ{¡A´¿¹Á¸Õ»P¤@¦W¦è±Ð¤h¦b«Å±Ð¤u³õ¦X§@¡A¦ý¦]¨âªÌ¬Ò¨S¸ó¤å¤Æ¦X§@ªº¸gÅç©M°V½m¡A³Ì²×¦U¦Û¬°¬F¡C[84]±q³o¦¸¥¢±Ñªº¸gÅç¥i¨£¡A»y¨¥ªý¹j¡B¤å¤Æ®t²§µ¥¡A³£¬O¦X§@ªº­«¤j»Ùê¡C¥t¤@¤è­±¡A§G¹D¹Î¬JµM¬O²Ä¤@¶¡®t¬£µØ¤H«Å±Ð¤h¨ì¥~¦a«Å±Ðªº²Õ´¡A«h·í®ÉµØ¤H±Ð·|ªº«Å±Ð·NÃÑ¥²µM¤´Á¡®zªº¦~¥N¡A¦Ó¨ä¥L¦è¤è©v¬£±Ð·|©Î«Å±Ð²Õ´¡A¤]¥¼¯à»PµØ¤H«Å±Ð¤h¦³¨}¦nªº·¾³q¡C¦]¦¹¡A·í§G¹D¹Î¹J¤W§xÃø®É¡AÃø¥H±o¨ì¦X¾A©M¦X®Éªº¤ä´©¡C

¥|¡Bµ²»y

¤¤µØ°ê¥~§G¹D¹Î¬OµØ¤H«Å±Ð¨Æ·~ªº¥ý¾W¡A¦o¤£¶È±a°ÊµØ¤H©Ó¾á®ü¥~«Å±Ðªº¤j¨Ï©R¡AÁÙ¦¨¥\¨«³XªF«n¨È¤@±aªº¦U«°¦U¶m¡A¶Ç´­ºÖ­µ¡A«Ø¥ß±Ð·|¡CµM¦Ó¡AÀHµÛ¤@¥N­^¶¯ªºÂ÷³u¡A«Å±ÐªºÂ¾¨Æ¦b¤¤°ê¿ñÁ諸¶À¤g¦a¤W¥¢¸¨¤F¡C¨ì¤µ¤Ñ¡A¦]¬°¨üµÛ°ê¤º©v±Ð¬Fµ¦ªº¼vÅT¡A®£©ÈÃø¥H¦A¦b¤¤°ê³o¤ù¦a¤W´M§ä¤@¤ä¦V¥~«Å±Ðªº¶¤¥î¡F¦ý¤Ï¹L¨Ó»¡¡A³o¤S§ó¬ðÅ㤤µØ°ê¥~§G¹D¹Î¹L©¹¦b¤¤°êªº¦¨¥\¡C¦ýÄ@¤µ¤éªºµØ¤H±Ð·|©M«Å±Ð²Õ´¡A±q³o­Ó¬J¦¨¥\¡B¤S¥¢±Ñªº¸gÅ礤¾Ç¨ì¤F¥\½Ò¡AÄ~©Ó«e½åªº¤ß§Ó¡A¬°¤Ñ°ê¡B¬°´¶¥@ºÖ­µ¨Æ¤u§V¤O¡A«i´±ÁÚ«e¡C

 

¡iª`ÄÀ¡j

[1]

³¯¼í´Å¡G¡mµØ¤H±Ð·|·s¬ð¯}¡n¡]­»´ä¡G¥@¬ÉµØ¤HºÖ­µÁpµ¸¤¤¤ß¡A1998¡^¡A­¶9¡Cµ§ªÌ¥H³o¥»µÛ§@¬°¥»¤å¾ú¥v³¡¤Àªº°Ñ¦Ò¥»¡C´N¦p³Á§Æ¯uªª®v¦b¡q¥N§Ç¡r¤¤´£¤Î¡G¡u¤¤µØ°ê¥~§G¹D¹Îªº¦¨¥ß¬OµØ¤H±Ð·|¦b´¶¥@®t¶Ç¨Æ¤uªº·s¬ð¯}¡A¬O«eµL¥j¤Hªº·s¨Æ¡A­È±o¥Ã»·¦a¦W¯d¥v¥U¡C¡v

[2]

¡mµØºÖ¥Në¤â¥U¡n¡A2003¦~8¤ë¡A¬¡­¶¸ê®Æ¡A­¶5¡C¦b¥»¤å¤¤µØ°ê¥~§G¹D¹Î¡]Chinese Foreign Missionary Union¡^²ºÙ§G¹D¹Î¡C

[3]

»C»²¥Áªª®v²¦¥Í±À°Ê¨Ã§ß§UµØ¤H«H®{¼i½î«Å±Ð¨Ï©R¡A³ôºÙµØ¤H«Å±Ð¤h¤§¤÷¡C°Ñ±ç®aÅï¡G¡m«Ø¹D¯«¾Ç°|¦Ê¦~¥v¡n¡]­»´ä¡G«Ø¹D¯«¾Ç°|¡A1998¡^¡A­¶22¡A378¡C¥t°ÑªLÃÒ­C¡G¡m»C»²¥Á¶Ç¡n¡]­»´ä¡G«Å¹D¥Xª©ªÀ¡A1981¡^¡A­¶24¡C

[4]

±ç®aÅï¡G¡m«Ø¹D¯«¾Ç°|¦Ê¦~¥v¡n¡A­¶86¡C»C»²¥Áªª®v§â¦U°Ïªº«Å±Ð¤u§@³ø§i©M®ø®§¥Zµn¦b¡mµØ«n«Å¹D®ø®§¡n¡]South China Alliance Tidings¡^¤W¡C

[5]

"The Annual Conference of the South China Alliance Mission, July, 1930," South China Alliance Tidings 25:4¡]August 1930¡^: 6-7.

[6]

´¿¹D¦æ¡G¡m¾_¾Ù¡XºÖ­µªì¨ì¤ÚÍù¡n¡]­»´ä¡G«Å¹D¥Xª©ªÀ¡A1981¡^¡A­¶27¡C

[7]

"Pastor S. W. Chue¡]¦¶¿ô»î¡^was our pioneer Chinese missionary to Saigon, French Indo-China. He has been eight years in the work there, and now the Lord is further honouring him by sending him as the first Chinese worker of the Alliance to this new and promising field of the Dutch East Indies." "Our Chinese Work in the Dutch East Indies," South China Alliance Tidings 22:7¡]December 1928¡^: 10.

[8]

¡u»Cªª®v¦b¨µµø«n¬v¸s®q«á¡A¦bÂk³~ªº¤@­Ó±ß¤W¡A¥L¹Ú¨£¦Û¤vÂù¤â¬Vº¡¤FÂA¦å¡A¥s¥L¬Æ¬°ÅåºÃ¡C¯«¤D±Ò¥Ü¥L³o¨ä¤¤ªº¹D²z¡G¦pªG¥L¿Ë²´¬Ý¨£¨ì¤F«n¬v¸s®q¤H­ÌÆF»îªº°§´÷¦Ó¤£¥[´©¤â¡A«h³o¤d¸U¤HÆF»îªº³à¤`¡A¥L­Ìªº¦å¥²Âk¦b¥Lªº¨­¤W¡C©ó¬O¡A¥L¦^¨ì¤¤°ê«á¡A¤£´±½pÀq¡A¥L­nµo°Ê³o­Ó¬@±Ï«n¬vªº¤u§@¡C¦P®É¥Lı±o«n¬v³o­Ó¼s¤jªº¤u³õÀ³¸ÓÄݩ󤤰ê±Ð·|ªº¡C¡vºK¦ÛªLÃÒ­C¡G¡m½´®qÅP¯î°O¡n¡]­»´ä¡G«Å¹D¥Xª©ªÀ¡A1954¡^¡A­¶56¡C

[9]

Robert A. Jaffray, "Report of the South China Conference of C&MA, 1928," South China Alliance Tidings 23:3¡]May 1929¡^: 3. ±ç®aÅï¡G¡m«Ø¹D¯«¾Ç°|¦Ê¦~¥v¡n¡A­¶88¡C

[10]

ùµÌ¤O¡G¡m«Å¹D»P¤¤µØ¡n¡]­»´ä¡G«Å¹D¥Xª©ªÀ¡A1997¡^¡A­¶186¡C

[11]

Á`·|¤£¤©¥H¤ä«ùªº­ì¦]¡A«Ü¤jµ{«×¬O¦]¬°·í®Éªº¬ü°ê¥¿­±Á{¤j¿½±øªº®£·W¡C°Ñù©Þ¥§§i¬¥µÛ¡A³\¶³¼_¡B¤å³{°ÑĶ¡G¡m¥þµM¬°¥D¡n¡]­»´ä¡G«Å¹D¥Xª©ªÀ¡A1988¡^¡A­¶247¡B252¡C

[12]

´¿¹D¦æªª®v°O­z»C»²¥Áªª®v¸¹¥l°ê¤º´X¦ì¦Wªª¦^À³¤W«Òªº©I¥l¡A­t°_±NºÖ­µ¶Ç¨ì¦L¥§¸s®qªº³d¥ô¡A¦]¦¹¡A¦L¥§¤§¥[ùØ°Ò¤¦¡]Kalimantan¡^¡B«nĬ©Ô«Â¦è¡]Sulawesi¡^¡B¨¹¥[¡]Bangka¡^¡B¤Åùج}¡]Belitung¡^¡B¤ÚÍù¡]Bali¡^¡BªQ¤Ú«z¡]sumbawa¡^©MÀs¥Ø¡]Lombok¡^µ¥®q§¡¹º¬°¸Ó¹Îªº¶Ç±Ð¦a°Ï¡C°Ñ´¿¹D¦æ¡G¡m¾_¾Ù¡n¡A­¶28¡ã29¡C

[13]

»C»²¥Áªª®vÁܽФý¸üªª®v¥X¥ô¹Îªø¤@¾´X¸gªi§é¡A¥i¿×¤TÅU¯óĪ¡C¦³Ãö¸Ô±¡¥i°Ñ¬Ý±ç®aÅï¡G¡m«Ø¹D¯«¾Ç°|¦Ê¦~¥v¡n¡A­¶88¡ã89¤ÎªLÃÒ­C¡G¡m»C»²¥Á¶Ç¡n¡A­¶92¡C

[14]

»Cªª®v´¿»¡¡G¡u³o¬O¤¤µØ±Ð·|ªº¤@¥ó·s¨Æ·~¡AÀ³¥Ñ¤¤°ê¤H¦Û¤v¥h­t³d¡A¤£¹L¯«¬J·P°Ê§Ú¨Óµo°Ê³o¥ó¨Æ·~¡A§Ú¥u¦n°Ñ¥[À°¦£¡A¥i¤£¬O»ò¡H¥L«ÕÀq¦a»¡¡G¡y§Úªº¦W¦r¥s»²¥Á¡A§Ú¥u¥i¯¸¦b»²§Uªº¦a¦ì¤W¡A®t¬£¤¤°êªº¤H¥Á¥X¥h¡C¡z¡vªLµý­C¡G¡m»C»²¥Á¶Ç¡n¡A­¶59¡C

[15]

±ç®aÅï¡G¡m«Ø¹D¯«¾Ç°|¦Ê¦~¥v¡n¡A­¶89¡C

[16]

Robert A. Jaffray, "Report of the South China Conference of C&MA, 1929," South China Alliance Tidings 24:1¡]February 1930¡^: 8-9.

[17]

ùµÌ¤O¡G¡m«Å¹D»P¤¤µØ¡n¡A­¶187¡C¥t¥i°Ñ¬ÝªLµý­C¡G¡m½´®qÅP¯î°O¡n¡A­¶64¡ã65¡CªL¤óµÛ§@ªþ¿ý¤@½g¤å³¹¡]§dÀٵثűФh¡A1937¦~µoªí¡^´¿¦p¦¹»¡¡G¡u¤¤µØ°ê¥~§G¹D¹Î²{¦b¥¿¹JµÛ¤@­ÓÃöÁä¡AÁöµM»P¬ü°ê«Å¹D·|¦X§@¡A¦ý¦o¨Ã¤£¬O«Å¹D·|ªºªþÄݹÎÅé¡A©Ò¥H¨S¦³¤@ÂI¸gÀÙÀ°§U¬O±q¬ü°êÁ`·|¨Óªº¡C¤¤°ê±Ð·|ªº«H®{¡A¤S¬O«ÜºCªºÅTÀ³³oºØ¤u§@¡A§ó¥[¤W¥@¬Éªº¤£´º®ð¡A¯e¯fµh­W¡A¨Ï¥~°ê¥­±`¼Ö·N®½¿éªº¡A¤]­¢¤£±o¤w¦Ó´î¤Ö¡A¬Æ©Î¨ú®ø®½´Ú¤F¡C¦]¦¹¡A³o¤@¯Z¤¤°ê«Å±Ð¤h¡A¨C¤ë¥ç¤£¹LÁ~¤ôªº¤­¦¨¡C¦ý·PÁÂÆg¬ü¯«¡IµL¤@µo«è¨¥ªÌ¡C¦¹§Yªí©ú¥L­Ìªº¯u»ù­È¡C¡v¥t°Ñ±ç®aÅï¡G¡m«Ø¹D¯«¾Ç°|¦Ê¦~¥v¡n¡A­¶125¡A¤]°O¸ü¨ì¤T¤Q¦~¥N¡A¥þ²y¸gÀÙ¤£´º®ðªº±¡ªp¡C

[18]

Robert A. Jaffray, "A Cry from the Other Shore," South China Alliance Tidings 23:2¡]April 1929¡^: 17.

[19]

±ç®aÅï¡G¡m«Ø¹D¯«¾Ç°|¦Ê¦~¥v¡n¡A­¶125¡ã126°O¸üÀj­õ¼y¦b1936¦~´¿³ø¾É¡G¡u¤¤µØ°ê¥~§G¹D¹Î©ó1930¦~¥Ñ»C»²¥Áªª®vµo°_¡Aªì¦bªkÄݦw«n¡]§Y¶V«n¡^¡B¬üÄݵá«ß»«¡B²üÄݪF¦L«×¸s®q¡]§Y¦L¥§¡^µ¥³B§G¹D¡C²{¤w¶}©Ý¦Ü¦è§Q§B´µ¡B±Cù¬w¡BΤÍùÀs¡B¥ØªQ¡BÂbÏE¡B¾¥¶Â¬}µ¥®q¡A¼Æ¦~¥H¨Ó¡AÁ`­pµØ¹´°¨¨Ó¤sµfµ¥Âk¥D±o±ÏªÌ¡A¤£¤U¤T¤d¤§²³¡C«n¬v¤è­±¤w¦³¸U¾l¤H±o±Ï¡A¦¹¥~¦w«n¡Bµá«ß»«¨â³B¡A¥h¦~©³¤Sµ²¤F¼Æ¦Ê¨ÎªG¡A¥B¤w¦¨¥ß¦Û¥ß¦Û¾i¤§±Ð·|¡C¡v

[20]

ªLÃÒ­C¡G¡m»C»²¥Á¶Ç¡n¡A­¶121¡ã122¡C

[21]

ùµÌ¤O¡G¡m«Å¹D»P¤¤µØ¡n¡A­¶184¡F¤Î¼BºÖ¸s¡G¡m¤Q¬[»P«a°Ã¡n¡]­»´ä¡G«Å¹D¥Xª©ªÀ¡A1979¡^¡A­¶69¡C

[22]

ªLÃÒ­C¡G¡m»C»²¥Á¶Ç¡n¡A­¶30¡C

[23]

ªLÃÒ­C¡G¡m»C»²¥Á¶Ç¡n¡A­¶30¡C

[24]

¦³Ãö¸Ô²Óªº®Ö¤ß«H©Àªº¤º®e¡A¥i°Ñ¬Ý«Å«HµÛ¡AµØ±KĶ¡G¡m¥ý½å¤§«H¡X¥|­«ºÖ­µ¡n¡]­»´ä¡G«Å¹D¥Xª©ªÀ¡A1987¡^¡F¤ÎT.V. Thomas and Ken Draper, "A. B. Simpson and World Evangelization," in The Birth of a Vision: Essay on Ministry and Thought of Albert B. Simpson, ed. David F. Hartzfeld and Charles W. Nienkirchen¡]Regina: CTS, 1986¡^, 201-204¡C

[25]

Thomas and Draper. "A. B. Simpson and World Evangelization," 199.

[26]

Franklin Arthur Pyles, "The Missionary Eschatology of A.B. Simpson," in The Birth of a Vision: Essay on Ministry and Thought of Albert B. Simpson, ed. David F. Hartzfeld and Charles W. Nienkirchen¡]Regina: CTS, 1986¡^, 42.

[27]

Thomas and Draper, "A. B. Simpson and World Evangelization," 200.

[28]

Pyles, "The Missionary Eschatology of A.B. Simpson," 35, 42¡FªLÃÒ­C¡G¡m»C»²¥Á¶Ç¡n¡A­¶34¡ã35¡C

[29]

Robert A. Jaffray, "Of First Importance," South China Alliance Tidings 22:1¡]February 1928¡^: 11¡FªLÃÒ­C¡G¡m»C»²¥Á¶Ç¡n¡A­¶120¡A134¡C

[30]

Thomas and Draper, "A. B. Simpson and World Evangelization," 199-200.

[31]

Pyles, "The Missionary Eschatology of A.B. Simpson," 42.

[32]

Robert A. Jaffray, "The Annual Report: The South China Mission of the C&MA, 1926." South China Alliance Tidings 21:2¡]June 1927¡^: 3.

[33]

Robert A. Jaffray, "The Annual Report: The South China Mission of the C&MA, 1925." South China Alliance Tidings 20:2¡]1926¡^: 3.

[34]

Thomas and Draper, "A. B. Simpson and World Evangelization," 205.

[35]

ù©Þ¥§§i¬¥¡G¡m¥þµM¬°¥D¡n¡A­¶34¡A58¡C«Å«H»{¬°¡u°£¤F´I¦³ªº·|²³¥~¡A±Ð·|ÁÙ­nÃöÅU³h­Wªº¡B¨S¦³¦b±Ð·|»E·|ªº¸s²³¡v¡C°Ñù©Þ¥§§i¬¥¡G¡m¥þµM¬°¥D¡n¡A­¶ 37¡C¹ï©ó³h½aªº²z¸Ñ¤Î«Å«Hªº¹ê½î²z©À¡A¥i°Ñ¬Ý Pyles, "The Missionary Eschatology of A.B. Simpson," 40.

[36]

±ç®aÅï¡G¡m«Ø¹D¯«¾Ç°|¦Ê¦~¥v¡n¡A­¶14¡ã15¡C¥t¥~¡A¤]¥i°Ñ¬ÝPaul L. King, "Early Alliance Missions in China," in The Birth of A Vision: Essay on Ministry and Thought of Albert B. Simpson, ed. David F. Hartzfeld and Charles W. Nienkirchen, 261-64¡C¸Ó§@ªÌ«ü¥X¡A«Å«H­n¨ì¥¼»DºÖ­µªº¦a±a¡A¤¤°êªº¤¤¤ß¦a±a¡XµØ¤¤¦a°Ï¡A«K¦¨¬°¥Lªº«Å±Ð¦aÂI¡C

[37]

"What contrast to see the Christian die in peace and be with Christ and to see a poor unsaved heathen soul go out into the awful darkness of the unknown future." Robert A. Jaffray, "China's Turmoil," South China Alliance Tidings 21:3¡]November 1927¡^: 4.
"I have a deep burden for China's four hundred million souls. It has been my joy to have more than thirty years of my life to His service in China." Robert A. Jaffray, "Of First Importance," South China Alliance Tidings 22:1¡]February 1928¡^: 10.
¥t¥i°Ñ¬ÝRobert A. Jaffray, "His Loving Kindness and Tender Mercy," South China Alliance Tidings 18:4¡]1924¡^: 3, 9, 10.

[38]

Robert A. Jaffray, "The Annual Report: The South China Mission of the C&MA, 1926," South China Alliance Tidings 21:2¡]June 1927¡^: 3, 10¡C¥t¤]¥i°Ñ¬ÝJaffray, "Of First Importance," South China Alliance Tidings 22:1¡]February 1928¡^: 10-11. "1934," South China Alliance Tidings 22:7¡]1928¡^: 7. "Other Cities Also," South China Alliance Tidings 23:3¡]1929¡^: 11. "Re-Tiring, Not Retiring," South China Alliance Tidings 25:1¡]February 1931¡^: 4.

[39]

«Å¹D·|­ì«D¤@©v¬£¡A¤D¬O¥Ñ¨â­ÓÁp·|²Õ¦X¦Ó¦¨¡A¸Ô¨£¤U¤å¡C

[40]

Yee Chong Wan, "History of Christian and Missionary Alliance Partnerships in China and Hong Kong,"¡]D.Min. diss., Western Seminary, 2002¡^, 15¡C¥t°Ñ¬Ý Thomas and Ken, "A. B. Simpson and World Evangelization," 200.

[41]

ù©Þ¥§§i¬¥¡G¡m¥þµM¬°¥D¡n¡A­¶110¡C

[42]

±ç®aÅï¡G¡m«Ø¹D¯«¾Ç°|¦Ê¦~¥v¡n¡A­¶12¡C¥t°Ñ¬ÝThomas and Ken, "A. B. Simpson and World Evangelization," 212¡C§@ªÌ¼g¹D¡G"Alliance means is in fact, a worldwide alliance of Christian individuals and congregations working to build Christ's Church."

[43]

¨â­ÓÁp·|²Õ´¦b1887¦~¤À§O¦¨¥ß¡C¦³Ãö°ò·þ®{Áp·|ªº¤º®e¥i°Ñ¬Ýù©Þ¥§§i¬¥¡G¡m¥þµM¬°¥D¡n¡A­¶124¡C¦³ÃöºÖ­µ«Å¹DÁp·|ªºªº·|³¹¥i°Ñ¬Ýù©Þ¥§§i¬¥¡G¡m¥þµM¬°¥D¡n¡A­¶121¡ã122¡A129¡C¨âÁp·|¦b1897¦~¦X¨Ö¡C°Ñ¬Ýù©Þ¥§§i¬¥¡G¡m¥þµM¬°¥D¡n¡A­¶152¡ã153¡C

[44]

±q¨â¦¸¥jªG¶é«Å±ÐÀç·|¡A¥i¨£«Å«H³Õ¤h¤§µÛ­«¦X§@¼Ò¦¡¡C°Ñ¬Ýù©Þ¥§§i¬¥¡G¡m¥þµM¬°¥D¡n¡A­¶120¡ã127¡C

[45]

«Å¹D·|´¿»P·ç¤h§ÓÄ@«Å±Ð¤h¦X§@¨ì¤¤°ê«Å±Ð¡C°Ñ¬Ýù©Þ¥§§i¬¥¡G¡m¥þµM¬°¥D¡n¡A­¶160¡ã161¡C

[46]

Robert A. Jaffray, "Report of the South China Conference of C&MA, 1929," South China Alliance Tidings 24:1¡]February 1930¡^: 2-3; ªLÃÒ­C¡G¡m»C»²¥Á¶Ç¡n¡A­¶50¡ã51¡C

[47]

"It is a mistake for us to speak of them as Chinese helpers . We are rather their helpers, " Robert A. Jaffray, "Report of the South China Conference of C&MA, 1925," South China Alliance Tidings 20:2¡]1926¡^: 11.

[48]

"Report of The South China Mission of the C&MA, 1920," South China Alliance Tidings 15:3-4¡]May-August 1921¡^: 18¡C¥t¥~°Ñ¬Ý"The Annual Report : The South China Mission of the C&MA, 1926," South China Alliance Tidings 21:2¡]June 1927¡^: 6.

[49]

Robert A. Jaffray. "The Annual Report - The South China Mission of the C&MA, 1926." South China Alliance Tidings 21:2¡]June 1927¡^: 2,7. "Report of the South China Conference of C&MA, 1925," South China Alliance Tidings 20:2¡]1926¡^: 11. "China's Turmoil," South China Alliance Tidings 21:3¡]November 1927¡^: 5. "A Cry from the Other Shore," South China Alliance Tidings 23:2¡]April 1929¡^: 3, 5, 6, 14. "Reports of the South China Conference of C&MA, 1924," South China Alliance Tidings 19:2¡]1925¡^: 1¡FùµÌ¤O¡G¡m«Å¹D»P¤¤µØ¡n¡A­¶186¡C

[50]

ù©Þ¥§§i¬¥¡G¡m¥þµM¬°¥D¡n¡A­¶28¡ã30, 47, 66¡ã67¡C

[51]

¡u«Å«H¨S¦³¤äÁ~¡A¥L¥¼¨Óªº¶Ç¹D¥Í²P¤]¬O¦p¦¹¡C¥L¹çÄ@«H¾a¯«¬°¥L¹w³Æ¤é±`­¹¥Î¡A¦Û¤v¥çºÉ¶q­t¾á¥Í¬¡©Ò»Ý¡A¨Ò¦p¥L«á¨ÓÅܽæ¦Û¤vªºÂ®ѡC¦Ó±Ð·|³Ìªì´X­Ó¤ëªº¤ä¥X¡A¥L´N¥u±o¦Û±Ç¸y¥]¡C¡vù©Þ¥§§i¬¥¡G¡m¥þµM¬°¥D¡n¡A­¶98¡C
¡u«Å«H³Õ¤h¹ïÀ³¥I®a®x¶}¤äªº«H¤ß¡A¬O°ò©ó¶®¦U®Ñ¡y«H¤ß¨S¦³¦æ¬°¡z¬O¦ºªºªº±Ð¾É¡C¥L¤j³¡¤À¦¬¤J³£¬O¨Ó¦Û±Ð·|¥H¥~ªº¤u§@¡C¡vù©Þ¥§§i¬¥¡G¡m¥þµM¬°¥D¡n¡A­¶201¡C

[52]

Robert A. Jaffray, "The Annual Report: The South China Mission of the C&MA, 1926," South China Alliance Tidings 21:2¡]June 1927¡^: 4.

[53]

Robert A. Jaffray, "China's Turmoil," South China Alliance Tidings 21:3¡]November 1927¡^: 3.

[54]

Robert A. Jaffray, "The Annual Report: The South China Mission of the C&MA, 1926," South China Alliance Tidings 21:2¡]June 1927¡^: 5.

[55]

Robert A. Jaffray, "China's Turmoil," South China Alliance Tidings 21:3¡]November 1927¡^: 5.

[56]

Robert A. Jaffray, "The Annual Report: The South China Mission of the C&MA, 1924," South China Alliance Tidings 19:2¡]1925¡^: 11-12.

Robert A. Jaffray, "The Annual Report: The South China Mission of the C&MA, 1925," South China Alliance Tidings 20:2¡]1926¡^: 13-15.

[57]

ªLÃÒ­C¡G¡m½´®qÅP¯î°O¡n¡A­¶139¡C

[58]

·í®É¶Ç¹D¤H¨C¥¢¥hÁ`³¡¤ä´©¥Í¬¡§xÃø¡A¨Ò¤l¦p¡u²Ä¤G¦¸¥@¬É¤j¾ÔÂ_µ´¤F±i¥@­^ªª®v¥þ®a¤@¤Á¥~¨Óªº¸gÀÙ´©§U¡A§x¦b¤s°Ï¤º¡A¯u¬O¤s½a¤ôºÉ¡C¡v³¯¼í´Å¡G¡mµØ¤H±Ð·|·s¬ð¯}¡n¡A­¶82¡C

[59]

±ç®aÅï¡G¡m«Ø¹D¯«¾Ç°|¦Ê¦~¥v¡n¡A­¶126¡C¥t¥i°Ñ¬ÝªLÃÒ­C¡G¡m½´®qÅP¯î°O¡n¡A­¶142¡ã150¡C·í¤¤ªLªª®v¦Û­z¦b¤é­xŧÀ»´Á¶¡ªº¥Í¬¡±¡ªp¡A¥i¨£·í®É§½­±ªºÁ}Ãø¡A¨Æ¤uÅõºÈªºµ{«×¡C

[60]

ùµÌ¤O¡G¡m«Å¹D»P¤¤µØ¡n¡A­¶188¡C

[61]

ªLÃÒ­C¡G¡m½´®qÅP¯î°O¡n¡A­¶156¡A158¡ã159¡C¥t¥i¨£ª`62¡A63¡C
¡u¡K¡K«á¨Ó§Ú±q§õ¥ý¥Íªº¨Ó«H±o±x¿ü¦¿¤è­±ªº®ø®§¡A¥L»¡¡y±Ð·|ÁöµM¤w«ì´_¤u§@¡A¦ý¤´²V¶Ã¡A¦P¤u¼È®É­ÝÀç¤p½æºû«ù¥Í¬¡¡C¥i¬O§Ú´¿¼Æ¦¸¥h«H¡A¦Ó³º±o¤£¨ì¦P¤u­Ì°¦¦rªº¦^³ø¡C¡z¡vªLÃÒ­C¡G¡m½´®qÅP¯î°O¡n¡A­¶158¡C

[62]

ªLÃÒ­C´¿ªí¥Ü¡G¡u¡K¡K§Ú¥ß¨èµo¤F¦n´X«Ê«H¨ì¿ü¦¿¥h¡Aµ¥¤F¨}¤[¡A±Ð·|©M¤Í¤H§¡µL¦^­µ¡CÀH«á¤~±q¤@¦ì«H¥Dªº§Ì¥SÃh»â¨Æªº®Ñ«H¤å¤¤Àò±o¤F¤@­Ó¾µ¯Ó¡A­ì¨Ó»C»²¥Áªª®v¤w¦b¶°¤¤À礤¥h¥@¡C¬Oªº¡A»Cªª®v¤w¼»¤âÂk¤Ñ¤F¡A±q¦¹¡A¾ã­Ó¤¤µØ°ê¥~§G¹D¹Î³£¯h¾Î¤U¨Ó¡A¦b¼o¼V¤W³Ý®ð¡C¡vªLÃÒ­C¡G¡m½´®qÅP¯î°O¡n¡A­¶156¡C

[63]

ªLÃÒ­Cªª®v¹ï¹Îªø¤ý¸üªª®v¦³¥H¤Uªº°O­z¡G¡u¡K¡K¦A¹L´X­Ó¤ë¥H«á¡A¹Îªø¤ý¸ü³Õ¤h¡A¨ì¤F¿ü¦¿¡A¥LµÛ¤â±q·s¦¬¬B¤sªe¡A¥H´Á­«¾ãºX¹ª¡A«ì´_¬G·~¡C³oµf¤u§@¡A²ª½¬O¦b¼o¼V¤W¦A¦æ¿³«Ø¤j·H¡A°£Â§ó·s¡A»á¬°¤£©ö¡C¦ý¤ý¸ü¥ý¥Í¬°¤F¬ö©À¥ý½å¤§­W¤ß¸gÀç¡A¦ÓÅU±¤¦¹µf¨Æ·~¡A¬G¤£Á×Á}¨¯¡A¦A±µ¦AÀy¡C¡vªLÃÒ­C¡G¡m½´®qÅP¯î°O¡n¡A­¶ 159¡C

[64]

³¯¼í´Å¡G¡mµØ¤H±Ð·|·s¬ð¯}¡n¡A­¶20¡ã21¡C

[65]

³¯¼í´Å¡G¡mµØ¤H±Ð·|·s¬ð¯}¡n¡A­¶21¡C

[66]

°Ñ¬Ý¦¶«ØÁFªª®vªº¤À¨É¡G¡u¦L¥§¿W¥ß«á¡A1947¦~¤÷¿Ë¡]¦¶¿ô»îªª®v¡^¨ü¬£«e©¹¥L©Ô®Ú¶}©Ý±Ð·|¡A¦b¥L©Ô®Ú¤u§@¦Ü1959¦~¡A¨Ã«Ø³]¤F§«ô°ó¡C¡v³¯¼í´Å¡G¡mµØ¤H±Ð·|·s¬ð¯}¡n¡A­¶53¡C

[67]

³¯¼í´Å¡G¡mµØ¤H±Ð·|·s¬ð¯}¡n¡A­¶83, 120, 149¡C

[68]

ªLÃÒ­C¡G¡m½´®qÅP¯î°O¡n¡A­¶159¡C

[69]

¦³Ãö¾Ô«áªº«Å¹D·|¦b¤¤°êªº±¡ªp¡A¥i°Ñ¬Ý±ç®aÅï¡G¡m«Ø¹D¯«¾Ç°|¦Ê¦~¥v¡n¡A­¶131¡C¥t°Ñ¼BºÖ¸s¡G¡m¤Q¬[»P«a°Ã¡n¡A­¶93¡ã110¡A¼Bªª®v°O­z¦b¾Ô¶Ã¤¤ªº«Ø¹D¸t¸g¾Ç®ÕªºÁ}Ãø¤ù¬q¡C

[70]

»Cªª®v¦b«Å±Ð¨Æ·~¤Wªº°^Äm²ö¤j¡A¥i°Ñ¬Ý³¯¼í´Å¡C­¶126¡ã146¡CªLÃÒ­C¡G¡m»C»²¥Á¶Ç¡n¡A­¶120¡ã121¡C

[71]

±ç®aÅï¡G¡mµØ¤H«Å¹D·|¦Ê¦~¥v¡n¡]­»´ä: «Ø¹D¯«¾Ç°|¡A1998¡^¡A­¶140¡C

[72]

¨S¦³·s¤O­xªº¥D­n­ì¦]¬O¦L¥§¬F©²Ãö³¬¥~¹´¤J¹Ò¶Ç±Ðªº¬¡°Ê¡G¡u¤@¤E¤­¤@¦~ªº²¦·~¦P¾Ç¦]Ū¤F§Ú¦b¬Y³øµoªíªº¤@½g½×¤å¡K¡K¥þÅé¤G¤Q¤HÁp¦W­P§Ú¤@«H¡A»¡­n¨ì¦L¥§§@¤u¡A½Ð§Ú¥N¦æ¥Ó½Ð¤J¹Ò¡C¦ý§Ú¶i¦æ¥Ó½Ð¸g¹L¤j¥b¦~¡A¦L¥§²¾¥ÁÆU¤~§å­ã¤@¨k¤@¤k¤J¹Ò¡C¦Ó¨º¨â¦ì¦P¾Ç¦­¦]¤£¯à¤[­Ô¦ÓÂà¨ì¶V«n¥h¤F¡Aµ²ªG³s¤@­Ó¤]¨S¨ì¦L¥§¥h¡K¡K¡C¡vªLÃÒ­C¡G¡m½´®qÅP¯î°O¡n¡A­¶227¡C

[73]

¡u¦¶¿ô»îªª®v¦b1947¦~¨ü¬£«e©¹¥L©Ô®Ú¶}©Ý±Ð·|¡A¦b¥L©Ô®Ú¤u§@¦Ü1959¦~¡A¨Ã«Ø³]¤F§«ô°ó¡C¡v³¯¼í´Å¡G¡mµØ¤H±Ð·|·s¬ð¯}¡n¡A­¶53¡F¡u¦b1957¦~¡A¤¤µØ°ê¥~§G¹D¹Î®t¬£Á[º~°ò¶Ç¹D¨ì·£º]¶}³]§G¹D©Ò¡C¡v³¯¼í´Å¡G¡mµØ¤H±Ð·|·s¬ð¯}¡n¡A­¶184¡C

[74]

³¯¼í´Å¡G¡mµØ¤H±Ð·|·s¬ð¯}¡n¡A­¶21¡C

[75]

±ç®aÅï¡G¡m«Ø¹D¯«¾Ç°|¦Ê¦~¥v¡n¡A­¶126¡F³¯¼í´Å¡G¡mµØ¤H±Ð·|·s¬ð¯}¡n¡A­¶22¡C

[76]

³¯¼í´Å¡G¡mµØ¤H±Ð·|·s¬ð¯}¡n¡A­¶165¡ã247¡C

[77]

¦³Ãö°¨¨Ó¦è¨È±Ð°Ïªº¸Ô±¡¡A½Ð°Ñ¬Ý³¯¼í´Å¡G¡mµØ¤H±Ð·|·s¬ð¯}¡n¡A­¶250¡ã251¡C¦b¤å¤¤¡A§@ªÌÁ`µ²¥X¡G¡u¤@¤E¤­¤T¦~«á¥ß¨õ±Ð·|¥þµL®ø®§¡A­ì¨Ó¾H­ZŲªø¦Ñ¤w²¾¥Á¬ü°ê¡AÃö±R§ªø¦Ñ¥ç¥L¥h¡A¬G±Ð·|µL¤H­t³d¡AºCºCªº®ø¥¢¤F¡C¡v

[78]

¶V«nªº±Ð·|·§ªp¡]1929¡ã1997¡^¥i°Ñ¬Ý³¯¼í´Å¡G¡mµØ¤H±Ð·|·s¬ð¯}¡n¡A­¶156¡ã164¡C¦b¤å¤¤ªº¥½¬q§@ªÌ¦p¦¹Á`µ²¡G¡u¶V«n±Ð·|¦Û»Cªª®v¨Ó¶V®i¶}¦V¶V¤H§G¹D«á¡A¤u§@¥ç¤j»X¥D®¦¡A²{¥þ«n¥_¶V«Å¹D·|¦³¤@¦Ê¦h®a±Ð·|¡A«H®{¤H¼Æ¬ù¤T¤Q¸U¤H¡C¡v

[79]

¦b³o¸Ì±o¸É¥R¡AÁöµM§G¹D¹Î¨S¦³½Õ¬£¤H¤â¡A¦ý¬O¡A«Ø¹D¯«¾Ç°|¤´¹ªÀy²¦·~¥Í±q¨Æ«Å±Ð¤u§@¡C¦b1951¦~²¦·~¦P¾Ç¤¤¡A¦³¥|¤HÄ@·N«e©¹¶V«n¡G²°ê¼y¡B´¿¿·Äõ¡BùµÌ¤O¡B½²´©©[¡C°Ñ±ç®aÅï¡G¡m«Ø¹D¯«¾Ç°|¦Ê¦~¥v¡n¡A­¶173¡C

[80]

´¿¹D¦æ¡G¡m¾_¾Ù¡n¡A­¶50¡ã52¡C

[81]

¡u¦b¦U­Ó§ø¸¨ªº§G¹D¤u§@¤¤¡A¤³¼Ä«o¬O¤£°±¦a§ðÀ»¡G¼»¦ý§Q¥Î²§±Ð®{¨Ó·dÂZ¡A¤SÂǤ£ªÖ¨ü±ÐªÌ¤U¬r¿Ñ®`ªL¤ó¡]ªLÃÒ­Cªª®v¡^¡C¦ý¯«¤@¤@«O¦u¡A¦³¤@¦¸ªL¤ó¦Y¤F¬rÂû«o¦wµMµL®~¡A¨£ÃÒ¤F¯«ªº«H¹ê¡C¡v³¯¼í´Å¡G¡mµØ¤H±Ð·|·s¬ð¯}¡n¡A­¶64¡C

[82]

ªLÃÒ­C¡G¡m½´®qÅP¯î°O¡n¡A­¶130¡C

[83]

«Ø¹D¸t¸g¾Ç®Õ¤£¹Lµ¹¤©§G¹D¹Î¤H¤â¤è­±ªº¤ä´©¡A¾Ç®Õ¥»¨­¥¼¦³¿W¥ßªº¸gÀÙ¯à¤O¡A¨ä¸gÀÙ¨Ó·½¤]¬O­É§U¬ü°ê«Å¹D·|Á`·|ªº¤ä«ù¡A©Ò¥H³o¬O¤@­Ó¤£°·¥þªº¤ä´©¨t²Î¡CÄY®æ¨Ó»¡¡A§G¹D¹Î¨ä¹ê¨Ã¨S¦³«á¤è¤ä´©¡C

[84]

ªLÃÒ­C¡G¡m½´®qÅP¯î°O¡n¡A­¶80¡C

 ¡mÀô²yµØ¤H«Å±Ð¾Ç´Á¥Z¡n²Ä¤@´Á¡A2005¡C
¡]­ì¸ü©ó¡m±Ðªª´Á¥Z¡n²Ä16´Á¡]2004¦~5¤ë¡^¡F¤w»X«Ø¹D¯«¾Ç°|¤¹­ãÂà¸ü¸ü¡^